Which device completely replaces heart function?

• A. Artificial heart
• B. LVAD
• C. CRT
• D. ICD

Answer: (A)

The concept being tested is which device can fully substitute the heart’s pumping action. A total artificial heart completely takes over both ventricles, replacing the native heart and providing circulating blood flow as if the heart were functioning normally. It’s used when there is severe biventricular failure or as a bridge to transplant, and in some cases as destination therapy. In contrast, devices like a left ventricular assist device support the left ventricle to improve circulation but do not replace the entire heart. Cardiac resynchronization therapy uses pacing to coordinate contractions rather than pump blood itself. An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator detects and corrects dangerous rhythms but does not provide pumping action. So the device that completely replaces heart function is the artificial (total artificial) heart.